Electrical system for engines



. W KETTERING AND. W. A. CHRYST. ELECTRICAL SYSTEM FOR emsmss. I APPLICATION FILED JUNE 24! I914. RENEWED DEC. 5,19l7. 1,3 1 1,403, Patented July 29, 1919 5 3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

I. IIIII I o I II N I F l E IIIII 0. F. KETTERING AND w. A- CHRYSL.

:ELECTRICAL SYSTEM FOR ENGINES. I APPLICATION FILED JUNE 24, 1 914- REYNEWED DEC. 511,917.

Patented July 29,1919.

' 3 SHEETSSHEET 3.

U ITE STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES F. KETTERING AND WILLIAM A. CHRYST, OF DAYTON, OHIO, ASSIGNORS TO THE DAYTON ENGINEERING LABORATORIES COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM FOR ENGINES.

Application filed June 24, 1914, Serial No. 846,911.

To all whom it may concern: I

Be it known that we, CHARLES F. Kn'rrnn- ING and lVILLIAM. A. CnnYs'r, citizens of the United States of America, residing at Dayton, county of Montgomery, and State of. Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electrical Systems for Engines, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to improvements" in electrical systems for internal combustion engines, and more particularly to improvements in that type of system in which electrical translation devices are interposed between the engine and a battery, for the purpose of charging the battery when driven by the engine, and. to crank the engine when driven from the battery. As is well known, such systems may include the electrical ignition system for the engine, which may be supplied from the battery, which battery may also supply the lamps.

' It is usual to employ in conjunction with systems of this character, a cut-out relay or device for preventing flow of current from the, battery into the generator, when the speed of the-engine falls so low that the electromotive force generated by the electric machine does not overcome the battery voltage, and it is among the objects of the present invention to provide .a system of this character which will give satisfactory results in practice, without the use of a cutout relay, such as is described above, and without the attendant disadvantages which would otherwise exist, were no other measures taken to supply the place of the cutout relay. r

In accordance with the prefer ed embodiment of the invention which is hereinafter described. the generator circuit is directly connected with. the battery through the intermcdiarv of a manually controlled switch, and this switch is one which is' ordinarily 5 employed in the operation oi starting and stopping the engine, for example, the ignition switch. l )uringthe running of the engine, this switch is always retained in closed position, thereby maintaining the generator circuit closed, and when the operator wishes to bring the car to rest, he opens the ignltion switch, thereby cutting off the ignit on Specification of Lettersfatentl Renewed December 5, 1917. Serial No. 205,6 67,

embodiment, we provide a suitable clutch,

preferably a roller clutch, between the dynamo electric machine and the engine, so that if the operator should fail to stop the car by shifting the ignition switch. for example, if the engine should st-a l under too heavy a load, then the dynamo electric machine will run freely as a motor Without load, and as it will not be rigidly connected Patented July 29, 1919.

with the engine, it will not be able to turn v the engine shaft.

We have shown our invention herein applied to a dynamo electric machine staiting device of the single unit type. that is to say, a single dynamo electric machine which has both motor and generator functions, and the machine here illustrated is of the type provided with separate generator and motor field and armature windings, with provisions toconnect the generator windings with the battery for producing an initial movement of the machine to facilitate the enmeslunent of the gears which connect i with-the engine, the actual cranking operation being effected by connecting the inotor rmature with the battery-by 'means of a .movable switch, which maybe embodied in the motor circuit, as is-usual in systems of this character. I

In the present embodiment of thein'vention, said firstnanied switch establishes a circuit through the generator field winding,

' which is maintained closed during the entures of this ty e of starting apparatus, in

such a manner as to produce the new and advantageous results more particularly hereinafter described.

Further objects and advantages of the present invention will appear from the (JP-- scription, reference being had to the accomparying drawings, wherein one preferred form of the present invention is clearly illustrated.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of the electrical circuits and connections which may be employed in connection with the present invention. I

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary plan view of an automobile chassis, including an engine and illustrating certain parts of the present invention, as applied to said chassis and engine.

Fig. 3 is a rear end view of the dynamo electric-machine with the end cover removed.

Fig. at is a view of the front end of the electric machine, with the inclosing covers or casings removed.

Fig. 5 is a top plan; view of the electric machine shown in Fig. 4, the top casing thereof being removed for the sake of clearness.

Fig. 6 is a detail view of the front end casing of the electric machine.

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary view of the gearing between the starting device and the flywheel of the engine, which is brought into use for starting purposes. This view clearly shows the over-runni-ng clutch.

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary view of the front 2 end clutch.

frames of the vehicle chassis are indicated. by the numerals 20, while the engine 21 is,

suitably, supported therebet-WeemJby ineans of the cross-supporting elements 22'.

The dynamo-electric-machine 23 is preferably mounted adjacent to the engine, as is clearly shown in- Fig.2.

This electric machine is adapted to be connected with the engine'and then operated as a motor for starting purposes. As soon as the engine becomes self actuating, the means for coupling the electric machine to the enthe machine as a generator, comprises a.

shaft 2%, one end of which is secured to the pinion 25, which meshes w th the timing gear pinion 26. The opposite end of sa d shaft is connected to one of the cooperating elements of the friction clutch 29, which will now be described, and which is clearly shown in Fig. 8.

This clutch 29 comprises an external casing 30 having depressions 31 formed on the interior wall thereof at determined intervals. On the periphery of this external casing, a series of gear teeth are provided which engage with a pinion (not shown), which tends to drive the movable element of. an associated ignition system.

in the present invention, the armature shaft 27 (see Fig. 8) is connected with a cam element 28, which fits within the exterior casing 30 above mentioned. This cam element is provided with a series of angular cut-away portions 32, wherein suitable frietion gripping elements 33 preferably in the shape of rolls or balls are positioned.

The function and manner of operation of the above mentioned clutch as embodied in the present invention, will now be described.

When the electric machine is to be used as a motor for/starting. purposes, the armature 34 (see Figs. 3 and l) is adapted ,to be connected to the engine through what might be termed a shiftable reduction gear 'in such a manner, that the speed of the armature shaft 27 will be much greater-than that of the engine, andtherefore of the shaft 24; therefore the armature must necessarily run ahead of'the shaft 24, and one of the functionsof this clutch is to permit it to operate in this manner.

The cam element 28 of the clutch 29 will 'therefore rotate relative to the external member 30. of said clutch, and the-rolls 33 will consequently be moved over the depressions 31. Asthese rolls tend to pass the depressions 31,=they will be displaced, with the result that as they come into contact with the depressed ortion of the external element and are t on forced back into normal position, a clicking noise will becreated which of course will only-take place at such times as the armature 34 of the generator is operating relative to and independently of the engine driven shaft 24-.

The object of'eonstructing the clutch 1n the above described manner, is to provide a more fully as the description of the operation and control of the system progresses.

The above mentioned clutch mechanism is positioned in the front end housing 35, which contains a plurality of compartments,

"as is "clearly shown in Fig. 6. These comfree from mechanism, but normally they are I partments are shown, in the present figi'ire,

adapted to contain different units of mechanism, such as are clearly shown and de-- scribed in our co-pending application, Serial No. 851,259, filed July 16, 1914.

The object and functions of the mechanisms contained in this casing, forms a part of the invention contained in said coending application, and therefore no etail illustration or description of these parts is deemed necessary in the present application. The rear end of the armature shaft 27 is extended rearwardly beyond the end housing of the electric machine, as is clearly shownin Fig. 2, and carries a pinion 40.

The flywheel 41 of the combustion engine 21 is provided with a plurality of gear teeth 42, formed on or secured to the periphery thereof.

The armature pinion is adapted to be connected with the flywheel gear teeth, by means of the shiftable reduction gear mechanism43, which comprises a relatively large ring gear 44 and a small gear wheel or pinion 45. The large ring gear 44 in said'reduction ge'ar, being adapted to mesh with the armature pinion, while the relatively small gear wheel 45 is adaptedto be brought into mesh with the flywheel gear teeth 42.

The mechanism for operating said shiftable gearing comprises a rod 46, connected to said gear by means of the yoke member. 47, which issecured to said rod intermediate its two ends. The rear end'of this rod 46 is connected to an operating pedal 48, while the extreme front end of said rod extends through the end casing 49 of the electric machine 23, and is adapted-to operate rela-' tive to the commutator brushes of said machine ina manner described more fully hereinafter. I

By referring to Fig. 7, .the motor gear which comprises the reduction gearing 43, is shown as being provided with an internal clutch mechanism between the pinion 45 and the ringgear 43,:which permits the engine,

as soon as it-has started, to operate under its own power, to carry the pinion 45 ahead of and relative to, the ring gear 43 and the armature pinion 40.

This/clutch mechanism is substantially the same as that shown and describedn'n the U.

plication of Charles F. Kettering, Serial No.

721,237, filed September 1 9, 1912; and

Charles F. Kettering and William A.

Chryst, Serial No. 789,641, filed 'Septembr 13, 1913; and therefore no further detail description of this structurewill be'givenQ It has been stated heretofore, that the elec tric machine is adapted to be operated as a shunt-woundgenerator for charging urposes and as a compound-wound motor for start-mg purposes. The said machine. is provided with independent shunt and' serieswindings 50 and 51 respectively These windings are combined in asingle coil 52, as is clearly shown in Figs. 3, 4. and 5, and are, of course, insulated from each otherand properly taped or covered in any suitable manner. Heretofore one great difiiculty with machines of the present type, has been that of providing suitable connections betweenthe field terminals and the other circuit connections. I

This is especially true of windings which are constructed of relatively heavy strap or cable, as is the case in the present invention.

The series winding 51, preferably comprises a heavy metal strap having the desired number of turns to meetthe conditions required. This strap is provided, as is shown in Fig. 5, with aterminal plate-56, which is so connected to the strap that scre'W,

threaded lugs 57, constituting binding posts,

projectoutwardly through a suitable casing 58 at'the top of the generator. lie directly in position to be connected with the proper circuit connections.

Theelectric machine in the present instance, is What might be termed a two-pun pose machine, and as has been explained heretofore, is provided with a plurality of field windings which may be used independently or in determined combinations, to give the most advantageous results' The said machine also comprises a plurality of separate and independent armature windings to be connected with the respective sets of field windings.

These lugs The armature 34 of the machine is therefore provided with a pair of commutators independently connected to the respective armature. windings of the machine. The p generator commutator 60 is positioned atone end of the armature, as is shown in Fig. 4, and the motor commutator Glis positioned at the opposite end of theJarmature, as is shown in Fig. 3.

'5, it will be noted that the dynamo-electric- Referring particularly to Figs. 3, .4 and netic material' This core provides a support for the field windings 5'0 and 51 -re' spectively, mentioned heretofore.

The generator brushes, designated by the numerals 65, are supported by meansof a plate 66, the opposite ends of which aresecured to tl'ie respective side :lrames 62. These brushes are at all times in engagement with the commutator 60, and are so arranged and mounted upon the plate 66, that-1. the

springs 67 will maintain the said brushes in good electrical contact with the commutator 60.

The motor brushes clearly shown in Fig.

- 3, are mounted upon the brush-holderplate This rod is provided with a bevel end portion 71, so positioned that when the rod is drawn rearwardly by the operation of the pedal 118, the spring 70 will tend to force the brush 7.0 into engagement with the commutator and thus close themotor-circuit.

Theupper end of the brush arm 72, carries a contact plate'7-3 which is normally in engagement with the contact plate 69, and

which normally tends'to close the generator armature circuit. It will be, seen from Fig.

' 3, that when the commutator brush 70 is forced into position to contact with the commutator 61, the contact between the plates- 09 and 73 will immediately be broken, thus breaking the generator armature circuit for purposes to be explained more fully hereinafter. By referring to Fig. 1 of the drawings, V e electric machine 23, will be seen to com- Ql'lSO a generator arn'iat-ure winding 80. This armature. winding as has been described heretofore, is connected with the commutator 60, which in turn is in contact with the brushes 65 at all times.

The generator circuit is initially controlled by means of either one of the controlling elements 82 or 83, of the switch unit 81. 1 I

By describing the circuits affected by the operation of the elements 82 and 83 respectively, this will more clearly appear.

Supposing that the engine 21 is at rest,

,. and it is desired to start the same, the following operations are necessary First, the element 82 of the switch 81 Will.

be pulled outwardly, providing magneto or cumulator 85, the current will flow through the wire 86, wire 87 to the contact plate 88, across the conductive portion 89 of the pullbutton element 82, through one'side of the common contact element 90, through the wire 100, the primary winding of the induction coil 101, timing device 102, through the wire 103, to the point 104.

At this point the current will branch, :1 portion thereof going through the resistance 105 to the ground connection 106, back to the other side of the battery which has the ground connection 107. The other por tion of the current will flow through the wire 108, through the resistance 109 to the contact wiper 110, back to the battery via the grounds 111 and 107.

The novel structure and arrangement of the resistances 105 and 109, in combination with the contact plate 110 have been clearly set forth in' our co-pendingapplication,

Serial No. 851,259, filed July 16, 1014, and

pull-button element 82. the sliding plate 120 will be forced laterally, on the supporting plate or base 121, in such a manner as to close the contact plates 122 and 123 respectively.

The closing of these contacts will permit current to flow from the battery, through the wires 86and 87, to the branch wire 124, through the contact plates 123 and 122 respectively, to the point 125, where the current will branch, a part thereof passing through one of the brushes 65, across the armature windings 80, the other brush 65, I

through the wire 126 to the contact plate 09, which as has been described heretofore, is secured to the motor brush supporting plate 68. This plate 69 is normally in-contact with the plate 73, and the current will therefore pass through these plates to the gi ound connection 127, back to the battery ground connection 107. v I

The other portion of the current which divides at the point 125, will pass through the'shunt field winding of the generator, through the wire 128, across the resistance. 109, contact plate to the ground connec-. tion 111, and back tothe' battery via the ground connection 107.

This will complete the generator circuit, and currentwill therefore low as above stated, and actuate the electric machine 23 as a motor, but it will of course be'unden stood thatthe torque efi'ect of the machine when operating under these conditions, will be much less than when the machine is operating under the influence of the regular vmotor windings.

n h u As soon as the initial movement of the electric mhchine 23 takes place, the operator will depress the pedal 48, which willshift the gearing #13 into position to couple up the electric machine to the flywheel of the engine.

The operation of the pedal 18 will also aflect the closing of the motor circuit, and the concurrent breaking of the generator circuit .by rocking the motor brush-holder 72, so as to bring the brush 70 into contact with the commutator 61, which movement will separate the contact plates 69 and 73.

This operation of the pedal #18 breaks the generator armature circuit, by opening the contact plates (39 and T3, and it concurrently closes the motor starting circuit which is as follows From the battery 85, current will flow through the wire 86, through the series winding 51, motor commutator brush 70, across the motor armature windings 110, brush 70, to the ground 127, back to the battery via the battery ground 107.

Throughout this starting operation it will be noted that the field circuit of the generator has remained closed, and is used accumulatively with the series winding 51, thus increasing thetorque effect of the motor, when used for cranking the engine' As soon as the engine has become selfactuating, the operator releases the pedal 48. which will return to its normal position, through the influence of the spring 1 11,

which will of course also return the shiftable gearing 43, into such a position as to disconnect the engine. from the electric machine 23.

Now, as soon as the engine speed becomes greater than a predetermined ratio of speed between the engine and the electric machine,

' the friction clutch illustrated in Fig. 8, will be brought into effect to couple the electric machine to the, engine, through the connections heretofore described, and thus drivp the machine as a generator.

The release of the pedal :8, also permits the spring toforce the motor brush 70 out of contact with the commutator 61, and to bring the contact plates 73 and 69 together.

It will therefore be seen that'the, following circuit will be closed so long as the pullbutton element 82,.of the ignition system, is maintained in' its outward position: from the generator armature windings 80, current will flow throu h the brush st to the point 125, where the hold winding of the generator is cut in. Of course, a portion of the current .will divert and p: s tln'ouglrthe generator field 50, .and across the resistance 10:), con-- tact plate 110, ground 111 to the opposite brush of the generatr via the grounc coir nection 12 7, contact ams 73 and 69 r ::-pectively.

he charging current will passfroi L the point 125 to the battery via the contact plates 122 and 123 respectively, through wires 124C, 8'? and 86, and from the battery 85 back to the opposite side of the generator through the grounds 107 and 127, contact plates 73 and 69 respectively, and wire 126.

The manner of controlling the generator output, and also controlling the ignition system, forms a part of our (Jo-pending application, Serial No. 851,259, filed July 16, 1914, and therefore no description or showing of this means of regulation other than that disclosed in Fig. 1 will be made.-

Exactly the same operation and functioning of the several units will take place, if' the pull-button element 83 is operated instead of the element 82, with the exception that the batteries 130 'will form a source of the ignition current, so that the current will flow through the wire 131, contact plate 132,. across the conductive portion 133 of the element 83, to the common contact plate 90, from which point the'circuits will be substantially the same as heretofore described,

with reference to the circuits affected by the operation of the pull-button element 82.

In addition to the elements heretofore de scribed as comprising the switch unit 81, a dimmer unit is carried by said switch and comprises. a bobbin or spool 150, provided with a resistance coil 151, the opposite terminals of which are connected to the plates 152 and 153.

This dimmer'is employed in conjunction with the head lights 174. shown diagrammatically in Fig. 1, and are so arranged that" at such times the lighting switch button 171 is in position shown in Fig. 1, it will be possible to close the headlight circuit through the dimmer resistance 151, by turning the button, 170 to right angles, from the position the. lighting circuit, thereby preventing the burning out of the lamps and other associated work dvices. n

This circuit interrupter is constructed as a vibrating ceril, in order that when the intcrrupter is ii. operation, quick making and breaking of the lighting circuit will cause successive interruptions of the lights and thus the operator will be enabled to locate the cause of lhe abnormal flow of currentimmediately.

llnder certain conditions it may be desirable to lock'the ignition switch, and thwrehy not only prevent the operation of either of the ignition syste1ns,,but also to prevent the coupling up of the starting device to the engine, by preventing the initial operation of the electric machine as a motor.

82 or 83. By the expression direct circuit connections, employed in some of the claims which follow, we wish it to be understood that We mean direct circuit connections in the sense that they are not interruptedby the interposition of an electrical automatic cut-out relay or other automatic device, provided for the purpose of preventing the flow of current from the battery to the generator windings, when the battery voltage is greater than the generator voltage, as for example, when the-engine stops.

While the form of mechanism herein shown and described constitutes a preferred form of embodiment of the invention, it is to be understood that other forms might be adopted, all coming within the scope of the claims which follow. I

' The audible signaling device constituted by the clicking clutch element is claimed in our copending application Serial No. 79339, filed February 19th, 1916.

What we claim as follows:

1. In a starting system for combustion engines, the combination with an engine; of a starting'deerice comprising an electric machine, having motor and generator field and armature windings, operable as a motor for starting purposes, and as a generator; an accumulator; circuit connections between saidwindings and the accumulator; an ignition system for said engine; means for bringing the ignition system into operation, amlhaving provisions fpraclosing thegenerator circuit; and an independent switch for bringing the machine into operation as a motor for starting purposes, while the field circuit of the generator is closed.

2. In a starting system for combustion engines, the combination with an engine; of a starting device comprising an electric machine operable as a motor, and as a generator; an accumulator; motor and generator circuit connections; an ignition system for said engine and means for bringing the ignition system into operation, and for closing the generator circuit; and an independent switch for bringing the machine into operation as a motor for starting purposes, by closing the motor circuit.

In an electrical system for engines, the combination with an engine; of an electric machine operable thereby .as a generator; an

accumulator; circuit connections therebetween; an ignition system for said engine; 1

and controlling means, comprising a plurality of operating members, each of which are operable to concurrently control the ignition system and the generator circuit connections. I i

4. In a starting device, the combination with a combustion engine, of an electric machine having a series and a shunt field winding, said machine being capable of operation either as a motor for starting said engine, or as a generator; an accumulator; circuit connections between said accumulator and the electric machine; an ignition system for said engine: means for bringing said igni tion system nto operation and concurrently closing the circuit connections between the electric machine and the accumulator, to impart an initial motor movement to said machine; and independent means for compounding the shunt and the series field winding for starting purposes, and for closing the motor circuit and breaking the generator charging circuit.

In a starting device, the combination with a combustion engine,,of an electric maand independent means for compounding the shunt and the series field winding for starting purposes, and for closing the motor circuit and breaking the generator circuit, said means being operable to cut out the effect of the series winding, when the machine is to be used as a generator and reestablishing the generator charging circuit,

6. In a starting device, the-combination with a combustion engine,-of an electric machine having generatorficld and armature windings, and motor field and armature windings, said machine being capable of operation as a generator for charging purposes, and as a motor for starting purposes; an accumulator; circuit connections between the electric machine and the accumulator; an ignition system for said combustion engine comprising a main circuit, a controlling member for closing said ignition circuit; means operated by said controlling element, to close the generator field and armature circuits; and an independent switch for closing the motor circuit for starting purposes. and concurrently breaking the generatorarmature circuit. I i

7. In an electrical system for combustion engines, the combination with combustion engine; of an electriemachine operable as a motor for starting purposes, and as a generator for charging"purposes; means for connecting the electric machine to the engine 2 for starting purposes, said electric machine having an initial movement to facilitate the connecting of said engine to the electric ma chine; an accumulatoryinotor circuit connections and generator circuit connections between the electric machine and the accumulator; an ignition system; a controlling switch for said ignition system, comprising a controlling member operable'to bring said ignition system into operation, and to'concurrently closethe generator field and armature circuitconnections, to impart the abovementioned initial. motor movement to said machine, an'dto maintainsaid generator cir cuit connections closed throughout the operation of the electric machine as a generator. i

8. In an electrical system for engines, the combination with-an engine; of an electric machine operable thereby as a generator; an

accumulator; circuit connections therebetween; a plurality of ignition systems for said engine; and a controlling switch comprising plurality of manually operable members, each of whlch 1s operable to concurrently control one of said ignition systems and the generator circuit connections.-

9. In an electrical system for engines, the combination with an engine; of an electric machine operable thereby as a generator; an accumulator; circuit connections therebetween 'including kset' or contact elements; a plurality of ignition systems each including a setof contact plates; and a controlling switch including a plurality of operating members, ash of which are operable to open and close the set of contacts in one of the ignition systems and the set of contacts in the generator circuit connections.

10. The combination with anengine, of a current'generating machine: a battery; a direct circuit connection between said ourrent-generating machine and said battery through which the current generating machine charges the battery; an ignition system; a manually controlled switch, movable a cnrrent-generating machine; a battery; direct circult connections between sald cur rent-generating machine and said battery 'through which the current generating ma chine charges the batter an ignition system; a manually controlled switch, movable into open and closed positions to controlthe opening and closing of said circuit connec tions and concurrently controlling said ignition system; and an automatic clutch interposed between said current generating machine and said engine.

12. The. combination with an engine, a dynamo electric machine starting device therefor, including motor and generator windings; a battery; 21 direct circuit connection between the battery and the generator windings of the dynamo electric machine through which the dynamo electric machine charges the battery; a circuit connection between the battery and the motor windings of the dynamo electric machine; a. switch in said first named connection movable from an open position into a closed position, for connecting said generator windings with the batteryto produce an initial operation of'the starting device; means for retaining said switch in closed position; a second switch arranged in said second mentioned connection and serving temporarily to connect the motor windings with the battery to cause the cranking of the engine.

13. The combination with an engine, of a dynamo electric machine starting device therefor, including a generator field and armature winding; a battery; direct circuit connections between said battery and dyna- 10( mo electric machine through which the dynamo electric machine charges the battery; a switch in said connections movable into aposition to establish a flow of battery current through said generator field and armature; means for maintaining said switch in said position; and a. second switch in said connections, adapted tobreak the circuit through'the generator armature and establish the motor armature and field circuit.

14. The combination with an internal combustion. engine, of a starting device therefor, including a dynamo electric machine coinprising a generator armature and field and a motor armature and field; connecting gearing between said starting device and said engine, comprising high ratio .motor gearing and lOW ratio generator gearing, said generator gearing including a clutch; a battery; direct electrical connec hlfim tions between said battery and said dynamo electric machine through which the dynamo electric machine charges the battery; a switch movable into a position to close said connections from the battery to the dynamo electric machine through the generator field and armature; means for maintaining said switch in' said position; and another "switch movable to temporarily disconnect the generator armature from the battery-and close 13*) said connections between the battery and the motor armature and field circuit; and means for retiu'niug said switch into a position to reestablish the connection through the generator armature and break the connections to the motorcircuit. 7

15. The coi'nbination with an engine, of a dyi'iamo electric machine starting device therefor, including a generator field winding; a battery; direct circuit connections between said battery and dynamo electric machine; an ignition system; a switch in said connections movable into a position to establish a flow of battery current through establish said ignition system in operation;

said generator field and armature, and to means for maintaining said switch in closed position during the running of the engine;

and a second switch in said connections, adapted to break the-circuit through the generator armature and establish the motor armature and field circuit.

"during the'running of the engine; a second switch in said connections, adapted to break the circuit through the generator armature.

and establish the motor armature and "field circuit for the engine cranking operation; and mm-larnicai connections between the dynamo electric machine-and the engine, including a roller clutch through which the engine drives the dynamo electric machine.

17. The combination with an engine, of

electrical translation devices constituting a starting device for said engine, including generator field and armature windings and motor field and armature windings; a battery direct circuit connectionsbetween said battery and the electrical translation devices through which the generator field and armature winding are connected for charging the battery; a latched-in switch in said connections, movable into position to establish a flow of battery current through said generator field and armature windings to effect an initial starting operation of the electrical translation devices; means for maintaining said switch in said circuit closing position during the running of the engine; and a manually controlled switch in said connections, adapted to temporarily establish the motor armature and field circuit for the engine cranking operation and to break said motor field and armature circuit after the starting operation has been accomplished.

18. In combination with an engine, a-generator driven by said engine; a battery; direct circuit connections between the gen erator and battery throngh which the generator charges the battery; an engine-coir trolling member for controlling said "engine and said direct circuit connections; and automatically operating means for preventing damage due to excess current passing into said generator when said engine comes to rest with said direct circuit connections closed.

In testimony whereof we aliix our signatures in the presence of two subscribing wit nesses.

CHARLES l KETTERING; WILLIAM A. CHRYST.

Witnesses J. N. McDoNALn, O, D. Mower. 

